Bilbeis is an ancient town on the eastern edge of the southern Nile Delta in Egypt. It is small but densely populated, with over 407,300 residents. The city has always been a fortress and was captured throughout the Islamic invasion of Egypt.
According to Coptic tradition, Bilbeis was one of the stopping places of the Holy Family during their Flight into Egypt. The city had a role in the machinations for control of the Fatimid vizierate during the Crusades and was the staging point for Muslim armies heading to Palestine.
Bilbeis is also home to the Egyptian Air Force Academy complex, which contains the town’s most prominent public school in Al-Zafer. At the entrance to the city is the barrage built throughout the reign of Baybars. The city has a warm climate and is an excellent place for travelers interested in exploring ancient towns and experiencing Egyptian culture.
History and Significance
Ancient Fortress City
Bilbeis is an ancient fortress located on the eastern edge of the southern Nile Delta in Egypt. It has always been a fortress city and had an essential role in the region’s history. The city was essential in the Roman province of Augustamnica Secunda to become a bishopric. Situated on a caravan and natural invasion route from the east, Bilbeis was conquered by the Arabs in 640. Amr ibn al-As enveloped and took the city, which was defended by a Byzantine general called al-Ardubun.
Fatimid Vizierate and Shirkuh
Bilbeis played a role in the machinations for control of the Fatimid vizierate. In 1164, Shirkuh, the uncle of Saladin, was surrounded in the city by the combined forces of Shiwar and Amalric I of Jerusalem for three months. Shirkuh managed to escape, but he died soon after. His nephew, Saladin, became one of history’s most famous Muslim leaders.
Siege by Amalric I
Bilbeis was assaulted again in 1168 by Amalric’s army, who took the city and killed many of its defenders. The city was then used as a staging point for Muslim armies heading to Palestine during the Crusades. Bilbeis was the capital of the “Eastern Province” of Egypt (Sharqīya) during the Middle Ages. It had a properly-arranged Jewish community, mentioned in a letter written about 1100 by the dayyan Abraham B. Shabbetai to all Jews of the area and in a letter written by his son and successor Shabbetai later in the 12th century.
The city of Bilbeis has a rich history and significance in the region. It has been a fortress city, a diocese, and the capital of the Eastern Province of Egypt. It played a role in the machinations for control of the Fatimid vizierate and was assaulted multiple times during the Crusades.
Demographics and Culture
Inhabitants of Bilbeis
As of the current date, the population of Bilbeis has yet to be readily available. However, historical data suggests that the population has been steadily increasing over the years. According to CityFacts, the projected population growth rate is 2.17% per year, with a median age of 23. The population density is approximately 2,400 people per square kilometer, and the urbanization rate is around 99%.
Coptic Egyptians and Muslim Inhabitants
Bilbeis is famous for its diverse population, with both Coptic Egyptians and Muslim inhabitants living there. The Coptic Christians comprise a significant portion of the population and have been an integral part of the city’s history and culture. The Muslim inhabitants, on the other hand, are mainly Sunni Muslims. The two communities have coexisted in the city for centuries and continue supporting each other.
Support
The inhabitants of Bilbeis are famous for their support of each other, regardless of their religious affiliations. The city has a strong sense of community, and its inhabitants are proud of their culture and heritage. They are also famous for their hospitality, and guests to the city are often welcomed with open arms.
Non-Christian Neighbors
Bilbeis is home to many non-Christian neighbors, including Jews and Muslims. Notably, the city has a long history of tolerance and acceptance, and its inhabitants have always welcomed people from different backgrounds and religions. Moreover, the non-Christian neighbors have played an essential role in the city’s history and culture and continue contributing to its diversity and richness,
Foreigners
Bilbeis has a small but growing population of foreigners, mainly from other Arab countries and Europe. They are attracted to the city’s rich history, culture, and friendly inhabitants. The foreigners have also contributed to the city’s economy and helped create a more cosmopolitan atmosphere.
Population
Despite its small size, Bilbeis has a vibrant and growing population. The city’s inhabitants are famous for their strong sense of community, support, and hospitality. The city also has a diverse population, including Coptic Egyptians, Muslim inhabitants, non-Christian neighbors, and foreigners. The city’s population growth rate is projected to continue to increase in the coming years, making Bilbeis a city to watch.
Geography and Climate
Southern Nile Delta Location
Bilbeis is a city in the southern part of the Nile Delta in Egypt. It is on the main road from Ismailia and Port Said and the Al-Ismāʿīliyyah Canal. It lies northeast of Cairo and is surrounded by the Al Sharqia Governorate. The city is small but densely populated, with over 407,300 residents.
Climate Conditions
Bilbeis has a subtropical desert climate (Classification: BWh) with hot summers and mild winters. Specifically, the district’s yearly temperature is 26.34ºC (79.41ºF), which is 1.44% higher than Egypt’s average. Moreover, the hottest months are July and August, with average temperatures of 34°C (93°F). Conversely, the coldest month is January, with an average temperature of 14°C (57°F).
Bilbeis experiences scarce rainfall, with an average of only 23mm per year. The driest months are June, July, and August, while the wettest months are January and February. The city experiences occasional sandstorms, which are common in the region.
Tourist Attractions and Landmarks
Historical Sites
Bilbeis is an ancient fortress city with a rich history that traces back to the Pharaonic era. The city has several historical sites that attract tourists from all over the world. One of the most famous historical sites in Bilbeis is the Pharaonic Temple of Bubastis, located on the city’s eastern edge. The temple was built throughout the era of King Osorkon II and seeks the goddess Bastet. The temple is well-preserved and features many intricate carvings and hieroglyphics.
Another historical site in Bilbeis is the Citadel of Saladin, built in the 12th century by the famous Muslim general Saladin. The citadel is located on a hill in the city’s center and offers stunning views of the surrounding area. Tourists can explore the citadel’s many rooms and learn about its fascinating history.
Modern Bilbeis
In addition to its historical sites, Bilbeis also has many modern attractions that are worth visiting. One of the most popular modern attractions in the city is the Bilbeis Zoo, which is home to a wide variety of animals from all over the world. The well-maintained zoo offers a great opportunity for families to spend time together and learn about different animals.
Another modern attraction in Bilbeis is the Bilbeis Mall, a modern shopping center featuring many international brands and restaurants. The mall is a great place to shop, eat, and relax and is a popular destination for locals and tourists alike.
Bilbeis also played a role in the machinations for control of the Fatimid vizierate, as it was surrounded by the mixed forces of Shiwar and Amalric I of Jerusalem for three months in 1164. This historical event is worth learning about for those interested in the history of the Middle East.
Overall, Bilbeis offers a unique blend of ancient history and modern attractions. Tourists can explore its many historical sites and enjoy its modern amenities.
Practical Information
Transportation and Accessibility
Bilbeis is a small city in Egypt that is densely populated, with over 407,300 residents. It is quickly accessible by car, bus, or train from Cairo. Regular buses and trains run from Cairo to Bilbeis. The journey by car takes approximately an hour and a half, while the train journey takes about two hours.
The city has an excellent public transportation system that includes buses and taxis. Taxis are a convenient way to get around the city and are readily available on the streets. The fares are reasonable, and they can be negotiated with the driver.
Time Zone and Navigation
Bilbeis lies in the Eastern European Time Zone (EET), two hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC+2). The city does not observe daylight saving time, so the time difference remains the same throughout the year.
Navigating the city is relatively easy, as it is small. The main streets are well-marked, and signposts guide visitors to the major landmarks and attractions. Visitors can also use maps or GPS navigation systems to navigate the city.
In conclusion, Bilbeis is a small city in Egypt easily accessible from Cairo. The city has an excellent public transportation system and is easy to navigate. Guests can use taxis or public transportation to get around the city. The city is in the Eastern European Time Zone and does not observe daylight saving time.
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Frequently Asked Questions
What are the top tourist attractions in Bilbeis?
Bilbeis is an ancient fortress city with a rich history and culture, making it a fascinating place to visit. One of the top tourist attractions in the town is the Bilbeis Castle, which was constructed in the 11th century and has been restored to its past glory. Another popular attraction is the Bilbeis Museum, which has several artifacts from the city’s history, including ancient pottery, jewelry, and tools. Additionally, visitors can explore the Monastery of Saint George, one of the oldest monasteries in Egypt, and the nearby Wadi El-Natrun, a scenic valley with several ancient monasteries.
How can one travel to Bilbeis from Cairo?
Bilbeis is located approximately 60 kilometers northeast of Cairo, and several transportation options are available for travelers. The most convenient way to reach Bilbeis is by car or taxi, which takes around one hour. Alternatively, guests can take a bus from the Cairo bus station to Bilbeis, which takes around two hours. Additionally, for those who prefer to travel by train, a station in Bilbeis offers regular services to Cairo and other cities in Egypt.
What is the historical significance of Bilbeis in Egyptian history?
Bilbeis has a long and rich history that dates back to ancient times. The city was an important center of trade and commerce during the Pharaonic period and played a significant role in the Christian history of Egypt. Bilbeis was also the site of several battles during the Islamic conquest of Egypt and an important center of Islamic scholarship during the Middle Ages. Today, Bilbeis is a vibrant city celebrating its rich history and culture.
What are the notable festivals or events in Bilbeis?
Bilbeis hosts several festivals and events annually that showcase the city’s culture and traditions. One of the most popular events is the Bilbeis Festival, which takes place in August and features traditional music, dance, and food. Another popular event is the Feast of Saint George, celebrated in April and includes a colorful parade and religious ceremonies. Additionally, visitors can attend the Annual International Conference on Islamic Studies, which is held in Bilbeis annually and attracts scholars worldwide.
What accommodation options are available in Bilbeis for tourists?
Bilbeis offers a range of accommodation options to suit different budgets and preferences. Visitors can choose from several hotels and guesthouses in the city center. Alternatively, they can opt for more secluded options in the surrounding countryside. For instance, some top-rated hotels in Bilbeis include the Al-Nasr Hotel and the Bilbeis Palace Hotel, both of which offer comfortable rooms and excellent amenities.
What local cuisines should visitors try in Bilbeis?
Bilbeis is famous for its delicious cuisine, which features a blend of Egyptian and Middle Eastern flavors. One of the most popular local dishes is koshari, a hearty vegetarian dish made with rice, lentils, and pasta. Another must-try dish is ful medames, a traditional Egyptian breakfast dish made with fava beans, herbs, and spices. Visitors can also sample a variety of street foods, including falafel, shawarma, and kofta, which are available from vendors throughout the city.